Other direct air capture systems use huge fans to pull air, and Heirloom says it uses a few but that their system takes less energy because it leverages limestone’s natural ability to pull carbon molecules out of the air. View image in fullscreen A person points at a stack of trays holding treated limestone in Tracy, California, in this handout picture obtained on 9 November 2023. The process then begins all over again, using heat to separate out the newly captured carbon. The powder absorbs carbon, naturally binding to the gas. The remaining powder – calcium oxide – is spread on trays that are sprayed with water and sit in the open air. The carbon dioxide is then stored in concrete, which can be used for construction projects. The process begins when industrial kilns heat the limestone to 1,650F (899C), which breaks it down into carbon dioxide and calcium oxide. Heirloom’s facility uses limestone – the second most-mined material on Earth – to sponge up carbon from the air. Money from both private and public sources is pouring in, and the Biden administration has committed to spending at least $3.7bn to kick-start DAC and other carbon-removal projects across the United States. Today, scientists and political leaders see it as an inevitable tool in mitigating the climate crisis. Capturing and stowing away carbon from the air was once considered a far-fetched idea.
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